Thursday, December 26, 2019

Summary Of Louis Adamics Article, A Slovenian Boy...

America has always been a golden country for people from all around the world. Immigrants came to America with high expectations. People heard many stories of all the land, job opportunities in America, so they decide to come. At the same time, when arriving, it was not what they had expected. Although industry aid immigrants with work and new technology, but most immigrants found that living in American was very difficult. They struggle with long hours work and low wages. They also dealt with harsh working conditions and communication problem. Also, America gave immigrant a false sense of hope. In Louis Adamic’s article, â€Å"A Slovenian Boy Remembers Tales of the Golden Country† best indicate the people’s inner voice living in America. Through this document, Louis Adamic has described the immigrant experience living in America in the early twentieth century who desperate of coming to America without researching the actual obstacles that people were facing in America. Some hardships people are facing are economic, social equality and independence that will transform people into a different living style. In this document, Louis Adamic describes America through the witness of the nine-year-old boy experience. It also shows how the economic crisis that was going through in the American and force many people to move out. The document was written in the year 1909, it mostly focuses on the social change in Europe, at the same time he focuses on the industrialization and civil war

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Major Innovations And Occurred During World War II

What particular innovations and occurred during World War II and what geographic considerations were necessary for planners and politicians in terms of strategy and tactics? As World War II progressed, the advancements that had shown up on and in the combat zones, seas and the overall attitude of World War I were enhanced and made considerably more viable and lethal. I will be going over a few of the innovations during World War II as well as a few of the tactics and strategies used when overcoming some of the geographic obstacles. In the introduction to his book, World War II: New Technologies: Technologies That Affected WWII Warfare, Ryan Jenkins said, â€Å"Weapons are not the only technology of war, however. Wars are not won by guns, bullets and bombs alone. Communications and intelligence technology, production techniques (both industrial and agricultural), weapons components, and much else are a part of warfare, and the nations that succeed in those areas are just as likely to succeed as those whose success comes solely in the form of weapons.† At the beginning of World War II, the natural rubber supply from Southeast Asia was cut off. This was a considerable loss because this was a material that was used in numerous ways from tires, boots and weapons. This is when synthetic rubber became a precious commodity. Natural rubber became so rare in the United States that gasoline was rationed to discouraged people from driving cars so not to wear out the tires, which wereShow MoreRelatedMedical advanceme nts in World War Two1704 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War II brought death and destruction upon the world. On the other hand, it also opened doors for pioneering developments that commonly occur during such situations of high adversity. Some of the most important advancements took place in the field of medicine when the world was embroiled in World War II. As Dr. Ralph Major states, An army is a vast laboratory of medical research where disease and injuries are seen on a far larger scale than in peacetime. Many improvements in the treatment ofRead MoreThe Pacific Theater Of World War II1375 Words   |  6 PagesThe Pacific Theater of World War II ended on September 2, 1945, known as Victory over Japan Day or V-J Day, less than a month after the United States dropped an atomic bomb Hiroshima. The two atomic bombs dropped on Japan are widely seen as the events that eventually broke the enemy’s will to resist and caused Japan to surrender; however this outcome could not have tak en place without numerous innovations that took place in the interwar period. Without one of these innovations, it is likely that theRead MoreEffects Of Spanish American War On U. S1734 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Spanish-American War on U. S. A. The Spanish-American war occurred in 1898 between the United States and Spain where the U. S. interrupted Cuba’s struggle for independence which resulted into the Philippine revolution. Some historians explain that the war publicized by the Hearst and Pulitzer newspapers which blame the sinking of the ship U. S. Maine on Spain, which had been sent to protect America’s interest and Americans living there. There was rising pressure on Congress to push theRead MoreThe German Army During the Interwar Period Essay968 Words   |  4 Pagesasked questions in military history is how was the German Army able to decisively defeat a numerically equivalent Allied Army in France during May and June 1940? One of the primary reasons for Germany’s success was their innovation in armored warfare, particularly at the tactical and operational levels during the interwar period. The study of the German Army during a period of prolonged peace and constrained resources reveals tha t one of the most important qualities that a military should possessRead MoreThe Soviet Union During World War II878 Words   |  4 PagesAlmost all narratives of Allied victory in World War II account economic output as a decisive factor. Overy concedes to this point as well, citing Soviet evacuation of civilians and industry as salvation for the Eastern front. (Overy, 181) As the Germans flooded into the Soviet Union in 1941 entire populations and industries fled to the east, destined for the Urals, the Volga region, and Eastern Siberia. Along with saving Soviet industry by relocation, the Soviets also destroyed what they could notRead MoreThe World War II Mobilization903 Words   |  4 PagesWorld War II Mobilization After World War I came to an end, American citizens predominantly desired to maintain a laissez faire, or â€Å"hands-off†, tactic in regards to foreign politics, especially as the possibility of a second world war loomed in the air with rising tensions overseas. For the sake of the United States, Congress heavily endorsed this neutrality and isolationism, but President Theodore Roosevelt, on the other hand, wished to be engaged in global affairs. In fact, Roosevelt took anRead MoreThe Invention Of The Airplane1013 Words   |  5 Pagesmethods for travel. One of the most greatest twentieth-century inventions was none other than the airplane. After its invention, the growth of people using airplanes and the quality of airplanes grew rapidly. This was due to the innovations during the two world wars. Airplanes not only help travelers, but they also have created an industry. Some examples of airplane industries include aircraft construction companies, engine makers, general equipment makers, and many others (The Invention of theRead MoreThe Tanks Of World War II1266 Words   |  6 PagesPatrick Easler Professor Pfister Hist 4344 3 December 2014 The Tanks of World War II World War II was the first war to heavily employ tanks. The tanks ranged in variety for each of the individual nations. It has been said that the German Panzer tank was top dog on the battle field during the war but especially at the beginning of the war. This statement although true is not because the common belief that they were built better than other nation’s tanks but because German strategy and the preparednessRead MoreWwi And Wwi : The First World War1704 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 1 WWI vs WWII WWI is also known as the First World War, The Great War, The European War, and The War of the Nations. It was fought primarily in Europe from the year 1914 to the year 1918 and lasted 4 years. There were two warring groups, the Allied Powers composed of France, Britain, Russia, Japan, Italy, and in the later years, the U.S.; and the Central Powers composed of Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and Turkey. It was triggered by the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand ofRead MoreCanadian Identity : Canada And Canada813 Words   |  4 Pagespresent and future generations. After becoming its own country in 1867, Canada has separated from Britain, growing instead into its own nation, with its own individuality. A major transformation first occurred during the First World War, with Canada deploying its soldiers as part of the British Commonwealth. At first, the war seemed to be in support of Britain instead of Canada, however, this fact soon changed when soldiers of different provinces began to develop a sense of nationalism; a feeling

Tuesday, December 10, 2019

Human Resource Management On Perspectives â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Quesrtion: Discuss About The Human Resource Management On Perspectives? Answer: Introducation The problems that has been identified is from the case study that has been provided and it explains the position where the protagonist was a victim. The main problem is that the people could not accept the fact that he being so young is promoted so fast. The aged people who has more tenure felt insulted to approach him so what the rest employees did was to persuade another woman named Rachel to marketing her his mentor. In this case, the gender was not at all the problem as the protagonist was used to go under situations where he was surrounded by male mostly. The boss of the protagonist played a very important double role that is he was obvious of the fact that the later would become the manager but still he gave high hopes to Rachel that she might become the manager. When the protagonist, a highly deserving candidate was once questioned about the hiring the candidates he stated that he only hires those kind of people with whom he fell more connected. The connection was entirely in a true sense that included the obsessive compulsion disorder (Sparrow, Brewster Chung, 2016). There were also some problems that were related to the management or the superior authority. Symptoms of the problems At first when the protagonist got promoted the other tenured employees were unhappy with him and made least cooperation possible. The employees started focusing more on Rachel who was senior and made it more difficult to her and finally she left the team under unmanageable situations (Armstrong Taylor, 2014). The soft goods were considered as the highest performing team that were introduced by new software that will help the managers to improve the level of planning. There is a need for improvement in the level of the management (Brewster Hegewisch, 2017). The protagonist is a blunt person and hence he would like to recruit and manage only those people with whom he is compatible enough. The protagonist emphasizes on one thing that he wants his followers to learn and get inspired from him in his way of success. Formerly in his team, it was quite evident that there were two consistent weak performers namely Terry and Phil. Terry was doing well in his career at that time and when he d ecided to join that company he miserably failed in the interview test. Solution of the problems The only solution that is prominent is to promote the qualified and the eligible people only to the high ranks (Beardwell Thompson, 2014). Phil has been working in that organization for a considerable long time and has not been promoted for almost two years. He deserved that promotion within a span of 1.5 years or even less and he could not be fired at all as his age as it goes against his work ethics. The protagonist was never a fan of PIP as the thought was really very condensing but there was a chance so most of the people dint get off the PIP. There is a need for the business folks to feel that age is not a factor for them to feel insecure about their operations but about their capability to work and grow further in life. It is quite relevant that a person who studied computer science major may not be working in a IT firm and someone who is not from an IT background might work in an IT firm and it all depends on ones interest. In some organization, the management takes the full credit of the employees and they are not even recognized for their work, here there is a chance that the grievances of the later on the management level. This thing should be sorted out in order to bring a change in the management system. If this case is solved there will be no scope of any further problem in the organization (Brewster, Mayrhofer Morley, 2016) References Armstrong, M., Taylor, S. (2014).Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Beardwell, J., Thompson, A. (2014). Human resource management: a contemporary approach. Pearson Education. Brewster, C., Hegewisch, A. (Eds.). (2017).Policy and Practice in European Human Resource Management: The Price Waterhouse Cranfield Survey. Taylor Francis. Brewster, C., Houldsworth, E., Sparrow, P., Vernon, G. (2016).International human resource management. Kogan Page Publishers. Brewster, C., Mayrhofer, W., Morley, M. (Eds.). (2016).New challenges for European resource management. Springer. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C., Chung, C. (2016).Globalizing human resource management. accounting. Storey, J. (2014).New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge.

Monday, December 2, 2019

Psychology Life and Marilyn Monroe Biography Essay Example

Psychology: Life and Marilyn Monroe Biography Paper When you hear the name Marilyn Monroe you probably picture the sexually enticing, curvy, sex-goddess of the 1950’s. She grabbed our attention with her playful and feminine magnetism. â€Å"She dominated the age of movie stars to become, without question, the most famous woman of the 20th century. † (http://www. marilynmonroe. com/about/bio. html). Although most people don’t know that Marilyn Monroe was not always this happy and fortunate person. Marilyn Monroe’s life was filled with hardships and struggles that she overcame to be this powerful woman she is remembered as today. I believe that Structual-Organisimic Perspective; psychodynamic theory, psychosocial theory, and piagetian theory, greatly explains why Marilyn Monroe turned out to be the woman she is so fondly remembered as. Marilyn Monroe was born Norma Jeane Baker. Her childhood was filled with poverty, sexual abuse, and the constant moving in and out of orphanages and foster homes. She did not have a strong emotional relationship with either of her parents. According to Erikson’s psychosocial theory, Marilyn Monroe’s infancy stage was more than likely affected by the de-attachment from her parents. This is the reason why Monroe would later in life have a harder time trusting others around her because she never built that strong trust between her and her parents. Monroe suffered many emotional problems as an adult do to the fact that she never had a real stable childhood. This also led to her feelings of being unwanted as a child. Monroe’s mother was determined incapable of raising Monroe due to depression and psychological problems and was put into her first foster home. â€Å"Norma Jeane spent most of her childhood in and out of orphanages and foster homes. † (http://www. arilynmonroe. com/about/bio. html) According to the contemporary developmental psychology portion of the psychodynamic theory, Monroe’s lack of emotional attachment early on in her life, especially with the mother, would have a major affect on how she developed her relationships later in her adult life. Monroe looked for security and affection in her adult relationships because of the lac k of relationship she had with her mother. â€Å"She tried to replace the father, the mother, the family she never really had, through her marriages and by attaching herself to the families of others. (http://www. marilyncollector. com/legend/biography. html) Monroe married her fist husband at the age of sixteen and according to him Monroe was a â€Å"sweet, generous and religious girl and she liked to be cuddled. † (http://www. marilynmonroe. com/about/bio. html). Monroe’s desire to be cuddled all the time is the result of the lack of relationship she had with her mother and the lack of security she was feeling from not having a present mother. The lack of emotional attachment from her mother could also be the reason why Monroe displayed herself as a sexual goddess. We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology: Life and Marilyn Monroe Biography specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology: Life and Marilyn Monroe Biography specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Psychology: Life and Marilyn Monroe Biography specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer She was trying to fulfill that void in her life through sex. Monroe’s values were greatly influenced by the society and the environment around her. Because of the time that she spent in orphanages she didn’t have any real family values to follow. She had to make up her own values as she grew and developed into an adult. The lack of having any real family values to follow and develop off of according to psychosocial theory would greatly affect Monroe’s ability to move through the adolescent stage successfully. This is the result of why Monroe had identity issues later on in her adult life because she did not have a good foundation to build on from her adolescent stages of life. She would have a harder time developing a sense of self if she did not have any family values to help her develop her own sense of morals and values. I also believe that the act of Monroe changing her name is also an indicator of possibly having identity issues with herself. Piagetian Theory greatly explains how Marilyn Monroe processed information throughout her adolescent and adult life. According to this theory a child’s understanding of the world will change in an organized way over the course of their development. I feel that Monroe justified her actions through the process of accommodation. This is where the child modifies their existing knowledge in response to the new input from their environment. A great example that Monroe displays this type of information-processing is her first marriage. She married Jimmy Dougherty when she was only sixteen years old. I believe that she justified this marriage as acceptable because she was faced with the option of either returning to an orphanage or get arried. She was looking to fulfill the empty void of affection that she was not getting from a family and filled it with the marriage to Dougherty. I feel she was adapting to this new problem set in front of her by adapting to this new problem with existing knowledge. Marilyn Monroe’s ability to communicate with people did happen at a very young age. But she al so had a small stutter that she had to overcome as a child. Monroe was faced with so many hardships as a child, the only way she knew how to get what she needed or wanted was through communication. Freud’s psychodynamic theory, he emphasis on how early experiences, especially in the first six years of the child’s life, can greatly influence certain developments in their adult life. Because Marilyn Monroe had to learn how to use the power of language so early in her childhood, I feel it helped her excel and succeed much easier in her adult career. She learned how to â€Å"negotiate† her way to stardom. She even changed her name to move her career forward. Marilyn Monroe was not particularly considered an overly â€Å"intelligent† child. But later on in her high school years she was elected secretary of her English class. According to the Piagetian theory the child is actively seeking new information and applying it to their day to day life. It becomes most apparent in their school years where they tend to rely more on logic and they have more of an ability to reason abstract ideas. I feel that Marilyn Monroe’s true intelligence came out in her later adult years. She exhibited a great knowledge of business when it came to getting the movie roles that she wanted. I think this ability developed as a child when she was going through the cognitive development stage and learned how to logically think things through. She went after everything that she desired and did it with much intelligence because she obtained a great name among the movie producers. She was first portrayed as the â€Å"dumb blonde† and soon she got tired of this. She aspired to be an actress of more serious roles and put herself through a high class acting school to help her attain that goal. She even set higher paying standards for actors and actresses to come. Marilyn Monroe had many sexuality issues. She was subjected to sexual abuse as a child and I think that this plays a role in Monroe’s comfortable attitude towards sexual behavior and the flaunting of her body. Her most famous pose was that of her standing over a sub-way grate while blowing air flew up her dress and she seductively struck a pose while trying to push the dress back down. I think this goes more along with Freud’s psychodynamic theory. This has to do with the latency stage of the child’s life. The child begins to learn the differences of sexuality and starts to discover certain urges of the body. I also feel that because Monroe was subjected to sexual experiences early on in life, this makes her more prone to display sexual behavior and be okay with it. When she was married to Joe DiMaggio, he had a difficult time â€Å"understanding the need to flaunt her body. † I also think that this was part of Marilyn’s way of getting the attention that she so craved. Marilyn Monroe led a very interesting life. It was filled with movies, Hollywood parties and flashy cars. She was a sexually confident, business smart, seductive goddess. She was known as one of the most famous woman of the 1950’s. But there was more to Marilyn Monroe than she led on to be. She had a very hard life and she tried to hide the effects of it from the world. But every action and every behavior she made was due to her childhood. Her hardships that she faced as a child shaped the woman she became in her adult life. Work Cited Google ads. The Legend Of Marilyn Monroe. Biography of Marilyn Monroe. 25 Mar. 2009 . CMG World Wide. Marilyn Monroe. Marilyn Monroe Biography. Jan. -Feb. 2006. 25 Mar. 2009 . True History, Bio. Marilyn Monroe. Marilyn Monroe Biography. Summer 2007. AE Television. 25 Mar. 2009 .

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

How to Easily Plan Copy For an Entire Website the Best Way

How to Easily Plan Copy For an Entire Website the Best Way Besides a stellar design, your web copy is the single most important step you can take to properly market your services. Why? Because your website functions like a billboard, sales rep, portfolio, and product page all in one. And your website is a step that big requires a serious plan. Ready to see how it’s done? We’ll walk you through all the criteria needed to plan your beautiful, smart, well-functioning website copy. How to Easily Plan Copy For an Entire Website the Best WayDownload Your Free Website Content Template As a bonus, when youre ready to write content for each page on your site, use this free template. Step 1: Develop Your Voice Voice is how you say something. It’s the difference between your brother saying, â€Å"Hey, nerd!† and hugging you, and the school bully yelling, â€Å"Hey nerd!† with a baseball bat in his hand from across the courtyard. It’s also one way people will remember you. Look at the â€Å"about us† page from Missguided,  a UK-based clothing company. They go beyond â€Å"casual† right into â€Å"colloquial† and it works well. Why? Because it fits their brand and guidelines. Think about how weird it would be if a dental company used a tone like that. Right? Now that’s why you need to make sure your voice, tone, and brand guidelines all match. Let’s look at some ways to make sure your tone, voice, and guidelines all match. Your tone is made up of your voice, your style, and those writing â€Å"quirks† that make your writing sound like you. It has to do with the pacing of your writing, the way you pull paragraphs together, and the types of words you choose to use. You could spend years and years developing your voice, but for now, we think these tips will help you get started. Your tone is made up of your voice, your style, and those writing â€Å"quirks† that make your...Identify Tone To develop your voice, you first have to identify your tone. Figure out which of these you most identify with: Casual (think about the Share a Coke  video) Traditional (think about how â€Å"Yale University† talks) Quirky (think about how Dollar Shave Club  talks) Outrageous (we’re talking about companies like Squatty Potty) Once you have your tone, you should consult two very important pieces of information: Your brand guidelines Your company values Make sure that your tone matches your brand guidelines and your company values. If you value providing honest services, you probably don’t want to run a website that’s full of jokes, lies, or silly phrases that trick your customers into purchasing products for more than they’re worth. If you value providing fast turnover times, you probably don’t want to use a quirky voice. Your best bet is to make sure your brand guidelines, company values, and tone are all aligned. Then you can get to the fun stuff. Your best bet is to make sure your brand guidelines, company values, and tone are all aligned.Step 2: Identify Your Audience Now that you know how to talk, you have to figure out what to say. You can do this by discovering your audience and doing investigative work to figure out what type of information they like. Recommended Reading: How To Create A Marketing Strategy That Will Skyrocket Your Results By 9,360% Use Social Media and Third-Party Platforms to Uncover the Truth Moz is a platform that most users use to check their on-page SEO scores, find optimal keywords, and the Fresh Web Explorer to find keyword mentions across the World Wide Web. But guess what? There’s another way to use Moz, and that’s for learning more about your audience. Moz’s Link Explorer  is a great way to see who is linking to your site and where most of your links come from. To access your linking domains, log in at www.moz.com Find â€Å"Moz Pro† from the main nav Under â€Å"Research Tools† click on â€Å"Link Explorer† From there, click on â€Å"Linking Domains† Once you’re there, click on â€Å"root domains† Type in your website Discover all the websites that are linking to your domain. Where are most of your linking domains coming from? Social platforms – if most of your linking domains are social platforms, use that information to uncover the platforms people use, the way people talk to each other on those platforms, and the type of information usually shared. If, for example, your biggest linking domain is YouTube and most of your viewers comment and share videos, you can assume most of your audience members will benefit from more video content. Use that information to move to the next steps. Article websites – if most of your linking domains are from long-form articles, you might be able to infer that your audience loves detailed information. Use that to develop a plan later on. *Google – if most of your linking domains are from Google, you can assume that your audience is finding you organically. You may want to focus your efforts on your SEO skills. Google Analytics  is a platform that will give you a detailed look into your audience and what they do. To get started, go to https://analytics.google.com/  and log in. Under â€Å"Reports,† click on â€Å"Audience† Click on â€Å"Demographics† to learn about your audience’s demographics With Google Analytics, you can learn about your audience’s language, country, city, browser, service provider, screen resolutions, and, of course, you can explore your bounce rate, page sessions, and pageviews. But you can also dig deeper and look at things like Lifetime Value, Cohort Analysis, Audience Behavior and Audience Interest. But what we think you should always do is come up with a general chart of your audience based on their demographics and interests. This will help you start to see how you can connect with them in a way that they will respond best to.

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Free Essays on Spy-glass

Thus far, as I have come to understand as a student of anthropology, being a successful ethnographer must involve providing an accurate and ethical representation of the culture on the other side of Hurston’s â€Å"spyglass† while at the same time taking into consideration one’s own biases and experiences that affect the situation at hand and the representation itself. With these things in mind, getting at the tacit culture can be very difficult, especially when we also have to consider how our own ethnic and racial backgrounds will affect our ability to obtain information from informants. This becomes clear when reading Carol Stack’s Call to Home, in which she, as a white women, attempts to capture the essence of the Diasporas of the Southern African-Americans who are once again returning home from the â€Å"white† city. While reading, I found myself pondering how clever her approach to connect with her informants is. Before the reader even looks at the table of contents they are confronted with a quote from Bernice Johnson Reagon that evokes images of soul searching and a spiritual journey of finding one’s self.. This theme carries over into the text with Stack’s question of whether or not the mass exodus from the city actually has to do with a desire for discovering a cultural heritage and a true home. Quoting Stack, â€Å"For some, home is the setting of dreams deferred: the safe haven from urban storms.† The town which Stack focuses on, Burdy’s Bend, seems to be wrought with country people who are becoming country again. The broader arena of social change is illustrated more specifically by the individual struggle to find a place where they themselves can change. Style influences what information is conveyed, how the message is perceived, and how the story, itself, takes shape. Call to Home certainly emphasizes the theme of how important the style in which the ethnographer writes. In addition, Stack’s work... Free Essays on Spy-glass Free Essays on Spy-glass Thus far, as I have come to understand as a student of anthropology, being a successful ethnographer must involve providing an accurate and ethical representation of the culture on the other side of Hurston’s â€Å"spyglass† while at the same time taking into consideration one’s own biases and experiences that affect the situation at hand and the representation itself. With these things in mind, getting at the tacit culture can be very difficult, especially when we also have to consider how our own ethnic and racial backgrounds will affect our ability to obtain information from informants. This becomes clear when reading Carol Stack’s Call to Home, in which she, as a white women, attempts to capture the essence of the Diasporas of the Southern African-Americans who are once again returning home from the â€Å"white† city. While reading, I found myself pondering how clever her approach to connect with her informants is. Before the reader even looks at the table of contents they are confronted with a quote from Bernice Johnson Reagon that evokes images of soul searching and a spiritual journey of finding one’s self.. This theme carries over into the text with Stack’s question of whether or not the mass exodus from the city actually has to do with a desire for discovering a cultural heritage and a true home. Quoting Stack, â€Å"For some, home is the setting of dreams deferred: the safe haven from urban storms.† The town which Stack focuses on, Burdy’s Bend, seems to be wrought with country people who are becoming country again. The broader arena of social change is illustrated more specifically by the individual struggle to find a place where they themselves can change. Style influences what information is conveyed, how the message is perceived, and how the story, itself, takes shape. Call to Home certainly emphasizes the theme of how important the style in which the ethnographer writes. In addition, Stack’s work...

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Framing Construction Techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Framing Construction Techniques - Essay Example The frames are also reinforced by the use of diagonal braces as well as with the use of rigid panels. Framing construction allows the builders to cover up large areas at minimal expense while also achieving a number of different architectural styles. The construction industry has employed a number of standards in order to ensure that materials, dimensions and construction techniques are standardised. 2. Concrete Frame Construction 2.1. Typical Design and Construction Process Concrete frames are also known better as reinforced concrete frames and are composed of vertical elements known as columns and horizontal elements known as beams. These elements are connected together using rigid joints. The structures are often cast using monolithic methods which ensure that the structure acts in unison. These frames are known to be resistant to both gravitational loading as well as lateral loading such as through bending within both beams and columns. Reinforced concrete frames are constructed in a number of different ways. The major ones are: Non-ductile reinforced concrete frames with or without infill walls; Non-ductile reinforced concrete frames with reinforced infill walls; Ductile reinforced concrete frames with or without infill walls. 2.2. Material Properties Concrete displays a high compressive strength but relatively lower tensile strength. In order to augment concrete’s tensile strength it is reinforced with other materials such as steel bars because such materials have better tensile properties. Moreover concrete displays nearly constant elasticity at low levels of stress while the elasticity tends to decrease as stress levels are increased as matrix cracking begins to form. The coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete is also low and concrete tends to shrink as it ages. The phenomenon of shrinkage and tension ensure that nearly all concrete structures develop cracks to some extent. Creep is also observable in concrete that is subjected to continuou s long term loading. (Kosmatka & Panarese, 1988) 2.3. Advantages and Disadvantages Concrete frames provide an easy method of creating high rise structures that are able to respond to both gravitational and lateral loading with ease. Moreover concrete frames are rigid enough to resist earthquakes and other similar calamities with ease. The recent rise in the costs of reinforcement and steel prices has driven the costs of concrete frames up but on comparison to steel frames, the price of concrete frames and steel frames is close enough. Concrete frames cost marginally lower than steel frame construction for high rise buildings that need to bear massive loads. However the cost of timber frames is lower but timber frames cannot accommodate such massive loading. The foundation costs for concrete frames is significant but the use of post tensioned slabs helps to reduce these costs as these slabs are lighter. Moreover cladding costs represent a large area for spending so cladding area has to be minimised. The least height between